A universe with no outside
Everything physical belongs to the universe itself. The theory does not assume a separate space, energy source, or influence outside it.
A new perspective on the physical universe
Energy
Continuum
Theory.
Energy Continuum Theory (ECT) proposes that the universe is one self-contained Energy Continuum. Its first paper starts with four assumptions and explores what their geometry can tell us.
What is ECT?
Four ideas at the heart of ECT.
ECT begins with four proposed assumptions about the universe. They are its starting points; the mathematical results are developed from them.
One underlying continuum
Background, matter, and fields are described as different configurations of the same Energy Continuum, rather than separate fundamental substances.
Position and internal motion
A local state has three components describing position and three components of one internal rotational/tangent vector: six components in all.
Curved space without an edge
ECT assumes space has the geometry of a round three-sphere: the three-dimensional counterpart of a sphere’s surface, with no boundary or preferred center.
What the mathematics shows
A relationship between spatial and internal change.
The paper considers a chosen positive geometric measure for the six-dimensional state. Spatial and internal changes can then be separated exactly. The lengths of those changes satisfy this equation:
This is a mathematical result under the assumptions stated in the paper. Showing how it relates to physical clocks and measurements requires further research.
The first derived relationship
c★2dτ2 = c★2dt2 − ds2
The complete definitions, derivation, and an example compatible with curved space are given in the paper.
The published paper
Explore the full theory.
The complete study presents all four axioms, develops the six-dimensional geometry, and gives the proof of the equation above. It is freely available to read on Zenodo.
Read the latest paper ↗Permanent link to the latest edition: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23291656
First published · 11 October 2026
Energy Continuum Theory: A Four-Axiom Foundation and Its Six-Dimensional State Geometry
Open the paper (PDF) ↗DOI of the original paper: 10.5281/zenodo.23291657